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Study uncovers major evidence gaps in patient and clinician perspectives on GLP-1 therapies

Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes

What's new?

Qualitative research on GLP-1 RAs use remains underdeveloped, particularly for weight management and carer perspectives.

A new scoping review has shed light on the limited understanding of patient, clinician, and carer experiences surrounding the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs)—a class of medications widely used for type 2 diabetes management and weight loss. GLP-1 RAs are among the most transformative therapies in modern medicine, offering efficient blood glucose control and substantial weight loss benefits.

However, while their clinical efficacy and metabolic effects are well-established, much less is known about the human experiences—how patients perceive treatment, how clinicians approach prescribing, and how carers support users. Recognizing this gap, Sam Febrey and other researchers conducted a comprehensive scoping review to map the extent and characteristics of existing qualitative evidence on the use of GLP-1 RAs.

The study aimed to understand the views, experiences, and perceptions of all stakeholders involved in taking, prescribing, or supporting GLP-1 RA therapy. The research team systematically searched 4 major bibliographic databases—MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCOhost), and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (ProQuest)—along with Google Scholar, clinical trial registries, and the medRxiv preprint server.

Citation searches were also carried out to explore additional relevant literature. The inclusion criteria focused on qualitative studies examining patient, clinician, or carer experiences related to GLP-1 RA therapy for any indication, including diabetes and obesity. Two independent reviewers executed the screening and data extraction, ensuring methodological rigor and unbiased analysis. Out of 1,545 studies screened, 77 full-text articles were reviewed, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria.

  • Most studies focused on type 2 diabetes (n = 12), followed by weight loss (n = 9) and mixed indications (n = 4).
  • Critically, no studies included the perspectives of carers, representing a major gap in understanding the broader psychosocial impact of GLP-1 RA therapy.
  • The existing studies were often narrow in focus and lacked in-depth analytical approaches, limiting insights into how these medications impact daily life, adherence, and healthcare interactions.

The review concludes that the available qualitative evidence is fragmented and insufficient, highlighting the need for broader, more detailed research that reflects the real-world experiences of all user groups. The findings underscore the urgent requisition for more inclusive, experience-focused research to guide future healthcare practice and service delivery. Future research should aim to:

  • Incorporate carer perspectives, which remain completely unrepresented.
  • Deepen the comprehension of patient and clinician experiences across diverse populations and healthcare settings.
  • Examine how service design and support systems can be optimized to boost treatment satisfaction and adherence.

By addressing these evidence gaps, health policymakers and clinicians can ascertain that GLP-1 RAs are prescribed responsibly, and that patients and carers receive personalized support aligned with their expectations and needs.

Source:

Health Expectations

Article:

What Are the Experiences, Views and Perceptions of Patients, Carers and Clinicians of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs)? A Scoping Review

Authors:

Sam Febrey et al.

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