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This study explored the impact of a 12-week hypocaloric ketogenic diet (KD) on lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as body composition, in females with varying body mass categories.
A 12-week low-calorie ketogenic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism while reducing body mass, with the most significant benefits observed in obese females.
This study explored the impact of a 12-week hypocaloric ketogenic diet (KD) on lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as body composition, in females with varying body mass categories.
A total of 100 adult women—64 obese (97.99 ± 11.48 kg), 23 overweight (75.50 ± 5.12 kg), and 11 with normal weight (65.93 ± 3.40 kg)—completed the intervention. Participants adhered to a KD comprising <30 g carbohydrates, ~60 g protein, and 140 g fat daily (80% unsaturated, 20% saturated).
Key metabolic and anthropometric parameters, including glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Additionally, body mass, body mass index (BMI), and waist, hip, and thigh were measured.
Following 12 weeks on the KD, all groups experienced notable enhancements in glucose, insulin, triglycerides, HDL-C, and HOMA-IR. Additionally, prominent reductions were observed in body mass, BMI, and circumferences of the waist, hip, and thigh across all participants. Interestingly, the most substantial declines in these metrics were recorded among obese individuals compared to their overweight and normal-weight counterparts.
A 12-week KD yielded substantial metabolic and anthropometric benefits, particularly in obese females. These findings suggest that KD may be especially advantageous for those with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and lipid imbalances.
Nutrients
Effects of a 12 Week Ketogenic Diet Intervention on Obese and Overweight Females with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disturbance
Grzegorz Klonek et al.
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